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COMMAND LINE INTERFACE
A command line interface or CLI is a tool for interacting with computers, often using a text terminal or remote shell client software, such as PuTTY. CLIs originated when teletype machines were connected to computers in the 1950s. Offering immediate interaction and feedback, they are an advancement over mechanical punch card technology.
With cathode ray tubes making way for graphics development, CLIs continues to coevolve with graphical user interfaces (GUIs) like Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, and the X Window System.
A CLI can generally be considered as consisting of syntax and semantics. The syntax is the grammar that all commands must follow. In the case of Operating Systems (OS), MS-DOS and UNIX each define their own set of rules that all commands must follow. In the case of embedded systems, each vendor, such as Nortel, Juniper Networks or Cisco Systems, each define their own proprietary set of rules that all commands within their CLI conform to. These rules also dictate how a user navigates through the system of commands. The semantics define what sort of operations are possible, and on what sort of data these operations can be performed.
It may be possible for two different CLIs to agree on either syntax or semantics, but it is only when they agree on both that they can be considered sufficiently similar to allow users to use both systems without needing to relearn anything as well as enable re-use of scripts. In its simplest form, a CLI displays a prompt, the user types a command on the keyboard and executes the command (usually with the Enter key), and the computer executes the command, providing textual output.
Unlike a button or menu item in a GUI, a command line is typically self-documenting, stating exactly what the user wants done. In addition, command lines usually include many defaults that can be changed to customize the results. Command-line commands can be saved by assigning a character string or alias to represent the full command, or several commands can be grouped to perform a more complex sequence — for instance, compile the program, install it, and run it — creating a single command, called a command procedure. These advantages mean that a user has to figure out a command or series of commands only once, because they can be saved to use again.
With cathode ray tubes making way for graphics development, CLIs continues to coevolve with graphical user interfaces (GUIs) like Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, and the X Window System.
A CLI can generally be considered as consisting of syntax and semantics. The syntax is the grammar that all commands must follow. In the case of Operating Systems (OS), MS-DOS and UNIX each define their own set of rules that all commands must follow. In the case of embedded systems, each vendor, such as Nortel, Juniper Networks or Cisco Systems, each define their own proprietary set of rules that all commands within their CLI conform to. These rules also dictate how a user navigates through the system of commands. The semantics define what sort of operations are possible, and on what sort of data these operations can be performed.
It may be possible for two different CLIs to agree on either syntax or semantics, but it is only when they agree on both that they can be considered sufficiently similar to allow users to use both systems without needing to relearn anything as well as enable re-use of scripts. In its simplest form, a CLI displays a prompt, the user types a command on the keyboard and executes the command (usually with the Enter key), and the computer executes the command, providing textual output.
Unlike a button or menu item in a GUI, a command line is typically self-documenting, stating exactly what the user wants done. In addition, command lines usually include many defaults that can be changed to customize the results. Command-line commands can be saved by assigning a character string or alias to represent the full command, or several commands can be grouped to perform a more complex sequence — for instance, compile the program, install it, and run it — creating a single command, called a command procedure. These advantages mean that a user has to figure out a command or series of commands only once, because they can be saved to use again.













